Ia o nga karaipi tiwihana rerekē ngā huarahi ki te tiki i a tawhio noa enei raruraru o te whiwhi i te urungaHeoi, ka uaua te tuhinga i to ratou mau iteraa i runga i te mara, ki etahi okotahi i roto i te ako o te pāpori me te pāpori mātauranga tikanga tangata. Ko te tirohanga o literature i runga i 'te whiwhi i te urunga' ki ōkawa whakahaere i roto i te horopaki Indian te tohu e iti kua oti te tuhituhi i roto i te rohe o whakahaere te rangahau i roto i te India ka rite ki te nuinga o te aivanaa e kore e titiro ki te tuhinga ueue i to ratou wheako o te whiwhi me te pupuri i te uru i te tuku ki te pehea ratou i kohia raraunga i te mara. Tenei tuhinga, ko te whakamātau i roto i taua aronga i reira tatou i te aroaro o to tatou takitahi pūkete o te mau tamataraa tatou fehangahangai i te ngana ki te riro me te mau tonu te uru i roto i te pae o to tatou rangahau rangahau. Kua whakaaro matou i te tahi ara i runga i pehea ki te kanohi i teie mau tamataraa, kahore te pana i roto i te pae. Ti'aturi nei tatou e, i tenei tuhinga e tauturu i te kaipānui ki te matau pai, me te mauruuru i te mau tamataraa, e nga tukinotanga o te whiwhi me te pupuri 'urunga' i roto i te rangahau pae, reira te hoki i te akiaki i ētahi atu ki te ueue i to ratou wheako, me te knowhow ārahi ki te tautohetohe me te kōrero. Ko ngā karahipi i runga i nga wahine i roto i te China fokotuu mai e te ira tangata ōritenga vai tonu ki te whakamārama o te whenua o te ripeneta me te whakatuwhera i roto i te tau tata. Heoi, ko te āhuatanga o te wahine i roto i te hinonga mana, me te rangatiratanga mea ki te tohu e ahakoa taua fakakaukau o te rerekētanga i roto i nga wahine, i te tahi o ratou e te te tākaro te ake kaha, me te wāhi nui i roto i te China o te whanaketanga ōhanga. E hāngai ana i runga i te raupapa o ngā uiuinga ki te wahine enterprise rangatira, wahine o te hinonga rangatira, me nga wahine kaiwhakahaere whakahaeretia i roto i te kanorau wāhi i roto i te toru rerekētanga kawanatanga o Haina, Tiger Kotiro tirohia te hohonu mau o te wahine kaipakihi i roto i te China, me te i toronga te ārahi tūranga o te wahine i roto i nga kaimahi. Ko te tukanga o te taketake o te rangahau, ko te oro'a o te irava te raupapa o ngā whakawhitinga ki roto ki te hohonu te taumata o te wheako, me te matauranga. Arnold van Gene o waia typology o prelaminar tikanga o te wehenga, liminal tikanga o te whakawhiti, me te pou liminal tikanga o te kaporeihana, whakaahei ana i te rapunga o te atu moe, tauira hanganga i te wheako ki te i te taketake kairangahau kia angamaheni raro. I roto i te taketake i te rangahau me te ako ki te mohio ki te mohio, invariant tauira o te huru tupurangi te whakawhiti i ngā wheako, ētahi wā e patua ana ia tatou ranei te mōrea toe liminal te tangata ke. Tenei pepa whakaahua i te pānga o te tae, me te sex i runga i te liminal stage o te whakawhitinga i roto i te taketake i te rangahau i ēngari i te nekehanga rerekē o te urunga tukua ahau ki te tane kāmura me te kaipuke whare manaaki i te rōpū i roto i te Ingarangi te hau-ā-Uru Indies, me te wahine kaiako kura te manaaki i te rōpū i roto i te midwestern United States. Van Gene a typology, ahakoa pea te tino whai hua, e kore e mōhio e, i roto i te taketake i te rangahau i te iti rawa, i te ahua me te tohu o te tukua te whakawhiti i te tetahi o te liminal stage rerekē ki te faatura ki te tae me te takoto o te tangata ke, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te faatura ki nga mana i te tūranga ngā kāwai me ngā tūmanako o te ope rōpū.
Tenei pepa kōrero tae, sex, me te ira tangata whakarerekētanga o te nui typology ki te hunga e whakawhiti wheako e taea e tetahi, ki te patua ana, mahara ki te farerei i roto i te tukanga o te taketake rangahau.
Ko te tukanga o te taketake o te rangahau, ko te oro'a o te irava te raupapa o ngā whakawhitinga ki roto ki te hohonu te taumata o te wheako, me te matauranga. Arnold van Gene o waia typology o prelaminar tikanga o te wehenga, liminal tikanga o te whakawhiti, me te pou liminal tikanga o te kaporeihana, whakaahei ana i te rapunga o te atu moe, tauira hanganga i te wheako ki te i te taketake kairangahau kia angamaheni raro. I roto i te taketake i te rangahau me te ako ki te mohio ki te mohio, invariant tauira o te huru tupurangi te whakawhiti i ngā wheako, ētahi wā e patua ana ia tatou ranei te mōrea toe liminal te tangata ke. Tenei pepa whakaahua i te pānga o te tae, me te sex i runga i te liminal stage o te whakawhitinga i roto i te taketake i te rangahau i ēngari i te nekehanga rerekē o te urunga tukua ahau ki te tane kāmura me te kaipuke whare manaaki i te rōpū i roto i te Ingarangi te hau-ā-Uru Indies, me te wahine kaiako kura te manaaki i te rōpū i roto i te midwestern United States. Van Gene a typology, ahakoa pea te tino whai hua, e kore e mōhio e, i roto i te taketake i te rangahau i te iti rawa, i te ahua me te tohu o te tukua te whakawhiti i te tetahi o te liminal stage rerekē ki te faatura ki te tae me te takoto o te tangata ke, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te faatura ki nga mana i te tūranga ngā kāwai me ngā tūmanako o te ope rōpū. Tenei pepa kōrero tae, sex, me te ira tangata whakarerekētanga o te nui typology ki te hunga e whakawhiti wheako e taea e tetahi te, ki te e patua ana, mahara ki te farerei i roto i te tukanga o te taketake rangahau. Ko te whāinga, ko ki te titiro i te angitu o ngā tīma mariko i roto i te moutere pūmanawa kaupapa, te auaha, te ao, tuku i te tauira mā te tūhura i te taea Bargaining me te pupuri 'urunga' i roto i te pae (whakahaere) o te mātauranga, rangahau rangahau kua tonu kua he wero mō te mātauranga, ngā pūkenga. Ia o nga karaipi tiwihana rerekē ngā huarahi ki te tiki i a tawhio noa enei raruraru o te whiwhi i te urunga.
Heoi, ka uaua te tuhinga i to ratou mau iteraa i runga i te mara, ki etahi okotahi i roto i te ako o te pāpori me te pāpori mātauranga tikanga tangata.
Te arotake o te tuhinga i runga i 'te whiwhi i te urunga' ki ōkawa whakahaere i roto i te horopaki Indian te tohu e iti kua oti te tuhituhi i roto i te rohe o whakahaere te rangahau i roto i te India ka rite ki te nuinga o te aivanaa e kore e titiro ki te tuhinga ueue i to ratou wheako o te whiwhi me te pupuri i te uru i te tuku ki te pehea ratou i kohia raraunga i te mara. Tēnei tuhinga he ngana i roto i taua aronga i reira tatou i te aroaro o to tatou takitahi pūkete o te mau tamataraa tatou fehangahangai i te ngana ana ki te riro me te mau tonu te uru i roto i te pae o to tatou rangahau rangahau. Kua whakaaro matou i te tahi ara i runga i pehea ki te kanohi i teie mau tamataraa, kahore te pana i roto i te pae. Ti'aturi nei tatou e, i tenei tuhinga e tauturu i te kaipānui ki te matau pai, me te mauruuru i te mau tamataraa, e nga tukinotanga o te whiwhi me te pupuri 'urunga' i roto i te rangahau pae, reira te hoki i te akiaki i ētahi atu ki te ueue i to ratou wheako, me te knowhow ārahi ki te tautohetohe me te kōrero. Te ako o te whakahaere tikanga i roto i te India kua oti te nuinga e positivistic anga o te rangahau enquiry mā te tūhura i te oraraa ranei ngaro o te mua-tautuhi i te huinga o te tikanga huanga. E kore e kua reira kua tino kaha i runga i te wahi o te rangahau i ngā pūkenga ki te tūhura, te mārama me te whakapuaki i te kunenga mai o te whakahaere tikanga i te te pāpori constructionist tirohanga. He aha te āhua i te ahua o te ahurea e kore kua āta rangahaua rānei, tuhia Taketake whakatata mau nei te kupu whakaari ki te whakarato i te matauranga pai i roto i enei ope e whai wāhi ana ki te kunenga mai o te ahurea.
Arahina na roto i te pāpori constructionist kaupapa i te ako i korerotia i konei whakawhanake i tētahi anga e e tauturu ia tatou i te mārama me pēhea te tikanga, ko te āhua, i te whakahaere, e faa'aano ki te āhuatanga e āhua i te interplay o ngā awe o ngā āhuatanga i roto i theocratization.
Tenei ako whakawhirinaki i runga i te taketake huarahi mā te whakamahi i te kounga databased i runga i ngā kitenga, me te tuwhera-mutu i roto i-hohonu uiuiraa. Ko te kaituhi kua tāutuhia e rima kawekawe ana i ngā āhuatanga, ko tona interactional akiaki i āhua i te 'Haumaru-e Rapu ana-Mahi-Hāngai Conflictive' te mahi ahurea o te manga. Ko te kāhua leadership o te Manga Matenga, me te tuarua i te tangata i kitea i te ngongo i te tino nui i roto i te tarai i te peka culture. Rangahau mātauranga i roto i te rohe o whakahaere karahipi, ahakoa e mātau ana i roto i te pūtaiao me te methodological nanakia, ko te tikanga i kitea ki te kia i te iti te hāngaitanga ki te mahi. Ko te kaituhi o tēnei pepa whai anō, i te nanakia-hāngaitanga tautohe whakaaro whanaketanga tata, me te ki te tohutoro motuhake ki te whakahaere rangahau tauira i roto i te India. Te pokapū tuhinga o te tautohe e te gulf i waenganui i te nanakia, me te hāngaitanga hiahia ana ki te kia piriti ki te hanga i te rangahau mātauranga atu e hāngai ana ki te mahi whakahaere, me te ngā. Te whai ratou i whakaekea i te tahi mau mana'o tauturu ki te whakarei ake i te hāngaitanga o te mātauranga, rangahau ki te mahi. Ko ngā whāinga matua o tēnei pepa, ko te ki te faaite i te mau haapiiraa, te kaituhi tuatahi ako rite i te tauhou kairangahau i te mau ana i roto i te whakatairite i te ahurea ako e arotahi ana ki te tūhura i ngā rerekētanga i roto i te whakahaere tikanga i roto i ngā waeine kei roto i te rua ngā rōpū i roto i te rua motuhake ahurea rohe, te whakamahi i konatunatua tikanga huarahi, rite ki te wahi o tona täkutatanga rangahau hōtaka. Te kaituhi i ngā"he aha", me te"nahea"i te tuatahi i whiriwhiria e te kaituhi, me te tono i konatunatua tikanga huarahi ki te whakahaere i te i runga i te ako, e ai kia o te tauturu ki te hua kairangahau, hoatu e whakauru tikanga huarahi kei te uaua whakamahia e te täkutatanga ngā ākonga i roto i te India. Ko te kaituhi i te aroaro o e toru ngā momo o te mau haapiiraa i roto i tenei pepa, te ako i te taha o te kaituhi tuatahi. Ko te ahua tuatahi o te haapiiraa no ni'ai te te tikanga, ko te tuarua tetahi e pā ana ki te rangahau huarahi, me te kotahi whakamutunga ko e pā ana ki te kounga o te whai hua kairangahau. Te kaituhi i hoki i te aroaro o"te mahi o me pēnei"i roto i te rangahau mo te painga o te pihi kairangahau. Te mau mana'o ngā i roto i tenei pepa, te kaituhi nei te tumanako, e whai hua ana mō te kairangahau te mahi i konatunatua tikanga huarahi.
Haunga, ai hoki e tino āwhina i te hua rangahau, ngā pūkenga, te hanga i te whakatau kōwhiringa mōhio o rangahau i te tikanga ki te tōtika te mahi ki te rangahau i ngā raruraru i raro i tūhuratanga.
